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Heat illness is the one most often missed. A player who becomes confused, stops sweating or behaves oddly in hot conditions is a medical emergency, not a player who needs to push through, and the window for cooling them matters enormously. Coaches are the people best placed to spot it because they know how that athlete normally behaves, and worst placed because they are also managing a game.
Cardiac arrest in young athletes is rare but is the scenario every coaching team should have rehearsed. It presents as a collapse with no warning, sometimes mistaken for a faint or a seizure, and survival depends almost entirely on compressions starting immediately and a defibrillator arriving fast. Knowing where the AED is at every venue you play, not just your home ground, is a coaching responsibility.
The recurring theme is that coaches make medical decisions under competitive pressure, with parents watching and players wanting to continue. Agreeing the rules before the season, and making clear that removal decisions are final and not open to negotiation during a match, is what makes those decisions possible to actually take.
Updated for 2026. Updated in 2026. What follows is the position as it stands today.
On timings: the CPR/AED course runs 275 minutes (4 hours 35 minutes) in the classroom, including a 10 minute skills examination and a 20 minute written examination.
No certificate is issued on online coursework alone, which is worth checking against any provider advertising a fully online card.
Reviewed by Jackie Stern, Lifeguard Instructor, Firefighter and EMT. Jackie Stern has taught lifeguarding for more than 20 years and works as a firefighter, EMT and swim instructor. She reviews course content, prerequisites and rescue standards against current certification requirements.