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Almost everything taught in a first aid class is aimed at the interval between an incident happening and trained help arriving. That interval is usually short, but it is where outcomes are decided: whether a bleed was controlled, whether an airway stayed open, whether someone with a suspected spinal injury was left still rather than helpfully moved. The class exists to make that interval count.
Most of what is taught is deliberately simple, because complicated procedures fall apart under stress. Direct pressure on a wound, keeping a casualty still, putting an unresponsive but breathing person into a recovery position, none of these are difficult, and all of them are frequently done wrong by people who have never practiced them. Practicing once, on a manikin, with someone correcting you, is what makes them available when you need them.
The other thing a class provides is permission to act. A recurring reason bystanders do nothing is uncertainty about whether they are allowed to, or fear of making things worse. Having been assessed and told your technique is sound removes most of that hesitation, and hesitation is more often the problem than technique.
Reviewed by Jackie Stern, Lifeguard Instructor, Firefighter and EMT. Jackie Stern has taught lifeguarding for more than 20 years and works as a firefighter, EMT and swim instructor. She reviews course content, prerequisites and rescue standards against current certification requirements.